The BA in Astrophysical Sciences at Princeton University is a four-year, on-campus program that offers you a world-class education in the physics and mathematics of the universe. This program is perfect for students who want to explore everything from planets and stars to black holes, galaxies, dark matter, and cosmology, whether you’re aiming for a research career, graduate study, or a future in science, education, policy, or technology.
Curriculum Structure
Year 1: You’ll start by building a strong foundation in mathematics and physics, taking courses like MATH 103/104 – Calculus, PHYS 103/104 or 105/106 – Mechanics and Electromagnetism, and AST 204 – Topics in Modern Astronomy. These courses introduce you to the tools and concepts you’ll need to understand the universe at every scale.
Year 2: You’ll deepen your knowledge with PHYS 207 – From Classical to Quantum Mechanics, advanced mathematics such as MATH 201/203/218 – Multivariable Calculus and MATH 202/204/217 – Linear Algebra, and continue with upper-level physics and introductory astrophysics. This year sets you up for more specialised study and independent research.
Year 3: You’ll move into advanced astrophysics and physics, choosing from courses like AST 301 – General Relativity, AST 303 – Deciphering the Universe: Research Methods in Astrophysics, AST 401 – Cosmology, and AST 403 – Stars and Star Formation. You’ll also take upper-level physics such as PHYS 208 – Principles of Quantum Mechanics and PHYS 301 – Thermal Physics. During this year, you’ll begin independent research with your first Junior Paper.
Year 4: Your final year focuses on specialisation and independent research. You’ll complete your second Junior Paper and a Senior Thesis, working closely with faculty on a topic of your choice. You can further tailor your studies with electives like MAE 341 – Space Flight or GEO 427 – Introduction to Terrestrial and Planetary Atmospheres, and prepare for your senior departmental examination, which includes a thesis defence and an oral exam on general astrophysics.
Focus areas: Planets, stars, black holes, galaxies, quasars, dark matter, dark energy, cosmology, observational and theoretical astrophysics, computational methods.
Learning outcomes: Quantitative reasoning, problem solving, data/statistical analysis, observational techniques, theoretical modelling, computational skills, and independent research in astrophysics.
Professional alignment (accreditation): The program is offered by Princeton’s Department of Astrophysical Sciences, regularly ranked among the top in the U.S., and prepares students for graduate study, research, and a wide range of science and technology careers.
Reputation (employability rankings): Princeton’s Astrophysics program is consistently ranked among the nation’s best, with graduates frequently accepted to top graduate schools and highly sought after in academia, industry, and beyond.
If you want to dive into the mysteries of the universe using real data, advanced technology, and original research, Princeton University’s BA in Astrophysical Sciences is one of the very best places to do it. You’ll join a close-knit, world-renowned department where experiential learning is central to your education, and you’ll have access to outstanding facilities and mentorship at every stage.
Here’s how Princeton’s program gives you hands-on, real-world experience:
On-campus and remote telescopes: You’ll use Princeton’s own telescopes and remote observing facilities, gaining practical skills in astronomical observation and data analysis.
Space Physics Laboratory: Participate in a unique two-semester lab sequence where you’ll learn ultrahigh vacuum techniques, work in a space instrument cleanroom, and develop mechanical and electrical skills. You’ll join group projects to design and build NASA space flight instrumentation, preparing you for careers in space science and engineering.
Research Methods in Astrophysics (AST 303): This course introduces you to the tools of modern astronomy, from space-based gamma-ray telescopes to globe-spanning radio interferometry. You’ll practice analysing massive datasets and learn the computational and statistical methods used by professional astrophysicists.
Independent research: Every major completes two Junior Papers and a Senior Thesis, working closely with faculty on original research projects. You can analyse data from facilities like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Subaru Telescope, or the Hubble Space Telescope, or pursue theoretical and computational topics in areas such as cosmology, galaxy formation, black holes, exoplanets, and more.
Group projects and interdisciplinary work: You’ll have opportunities to collaborate on projects that bridge astronomy, planetary science, astrobiology, space exploration, science policy, and even science education.
Sophisticated computing resources: The department provides access to advanced computational tools and software for modelling, simulation, and data analysis, essential for modern astrophysics.
Supportive environment: The department is known for its strong mentorship, informal and flexible atmosphere, and full accessibility to faculty and facilities, so you’ll always have guidance as you develop your skills and research interests.
Princeton University’s BA in Astrophysical Sciences prepares students for elite graduate programs and impactful careers in science, technology, education, and beyond. Graduates are exceptionally well-prepared for top graduate programs or careers as research scientists, data analysts, scientific programmers, and science educators. You’ll find alumni thriving not only in astrophysics but also in fields like science policy, space exploration, finance, law, and teaching—thanks to the program’s flexibility and rigorous training.
Here’s how Princeton sets you up for a stellar future:
Personalized Mentorship & Research: You’ll benefit from close faculty supervision, small class sizes, and a “family-like” department atmosphere. Every student completes two junior research papers and a senior thesis, often resulting in co-authorship of published scientific papers—a rare and valuable achievement at the undergraduate level.
Outstanding Career Outcomes: Princeton Astrophysics majors are regularly accepted to the world’s top graduate programs—including Berkeley, Caltech, Chicago, Cornell, Harvard, and Santa Cruz—and many win prestigious fellowships. The department’s strong reputation and alumni network open doors in both academia and industry.
Industry & Research Partnerships: You’ll have access to Princeton’s 3.5-meter telescope in New Mexico (remotely operable from campus), and can join major international collaborations like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The department also partners with the Max Planck Society and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, giving you exposure to groundbreaking work in fusion research and astrophysical plasmas.
Accreditation & Lasting Value: The program is fully recognised in the US and internationally, and is consistently ranked among the nation’s best for astrophysics.
Graduate Outcomes: You’ll develop advanced skills in quantitative reasoning, data analysis, computational methods, and independent research. The curriculum covers everything from planets and black holes to dark matter, cosmology, and the evolution of the universe, preparing you for both immediate employment and further academic pursuits.
Further Academic Progression: After earning your degree, you’ll be ready to pursue a master’s in astrophysics, astronomy, physics, or related fields at Princeton or other top institutions. The program’s strong research focus, faculty mentorship, and global reputation ensure you’re set up for success in graduate school or any professional path you choose.
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