With the biology and society concentration under the MS in biology degree program, students may choose a formal track in the areas where biology intersects with society. There are three focus areas:-bioethics, policy and law-ecology, economics and ethics of the environment-history and philosophy of science The bioethics, policy and law track trains students in the pressing moral, policy and legal issues raised by the biosciences and biomedicine and in the disciplinary methods necessary to address these issues. Ecology, economics and ethics of the environment trains students in the theory and empirical methods for understanding, analyzing and shaping policy for coupled human-natural systems. The history and philosophy of science track trains students in the conceptual foundations of science, especially the epistemological and methodological assumptions that shape science and its progress.



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