Thoroughgood From 1967 until 1991, American civil rights attorney and jurist "Thurgood" Marshall was an associate justic... View More

Thoroughgood From 1967 until 1991, American civil rights attorney and jurist "Thurgood" Marshall was an associate justice on the US Supreme Court. He was the first African-American justice on the Supreme Court. He was a civil rights lawyer who led the NAACP Legal Defence and Educational Fund before entering the judiciary. In the fight to abolish racial segregation in American public schools, Marshall played a significant role. He argued in 32 civil rights issues before the Supreme Court, which resulted in the Court's famous ruling in Brown v. View Less

American poet, novelist, playwright, social activist, and journalist James Mercer Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Mi... View More

American poet, novelist, playwright, social activist, and journalist James Mercer Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri. Most famous for being a leader of the Harlem Renaissance, Hughes was one of the first to create the literary genre known as jazz poetry. View Less

Francis Kwame Nkrumah was a revolutionary, political thinker, and politician from Ghana. From 1952 until the Gold Coast'... View More

Francis Kwame Nkrumah was a revolutionary, political thinker, and politician from Ghana. From 1952 until the Gold Coast's independence from Britain in 1957, he was its prime minister. Between 1957 and 1966, he served as Ghana's first prime minister and president. Nkrumah was a prominent proponent of Pan-Africanism, a founding member of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), and the 1962 recipient of the Soviet Union's Lenin Peace Prize. View Less

Jazz vocalist and bandleader Cabell "Cab" Calloway III was from the United States. He became a well-known swing vocalist... View More

Jazz vocalist and bandleader Cabell "Cab" Calloway III was from the United States. He became a well-known swing vocalist while performing frequently at the Cotton Club in Harlem. Over the course of his more than 65-year career, he gained recognition for his speciality of fusing jazz and vaudeville. View Less

American jazz poet, singer, musician, and writer Gilbert Scott-Heron gained notoriety in the 1970s and 1980s for his spo... View More

American jazz poet, singer, musician, and writer Gilbert Scott-Heron gained notoriety in the 1970s and 1980s for his spoken-word performances. His joint work with guitarist Brian Jackson combined jazz, blues, and soul with lyrics about contemporary social and political themes, sung in melismatic vocals and rapped. View Less